Acute Bacterial Meningitis: A rational approach to management

Abstract

Bacterial meningitis is one of a select group of febrile illnesses that may rapidly progress unless suspected early by the family practitioner. Unless appropriate therapy is initiated without delay, the outcome is often fatal. This article provides the family practitioner with an overview of current best practice when treating bacterial meningitis. Emphasis is placed on a high index of suspicion, particularly in certain patient groups like children where unusual atypical presentations are common. Empirical treatment options by age group for immediate therapy is discussed and the useful array of diagnostic modalities available is cataloged. The issue of chemoprophylaxis for close contacts of meningococcal disease patients and the importance of immediate notification are succinctly discussed. On a prevention note, the appropriateness of providing vaccination to travelers is considered.